By Thomas Unger
constantly see plants growing and moving creatures, whether an ant, a hateful dove or an exotic animal on the Discovery Channel on TV. Sometimes we remember what we were taught in school about the classification of the various forms of life. A process that began with the Greeks and has not yet finished, but that has changed since my time at school. REALMS
Aristotle tried to classify "every." In his treatises "Metaphysics and Logic" divided living organisms into plants and animals. In the animals classified as its reproduction and was the first to use terms such as "kind" and "gender". As new knowledge is acquired, the classification of Aristotle fell into disuse, but the terms were until today.
Aristotle tried to classify "every." In his treatises "Metaphysics and Logic" divided living organisms into plants and animals. In the animals classified as its reproduction and was the first to use terms such as "kind" and "gender". As new knowledge is acquired, the classification of Aristotle fell into disuse, but the terms were until today.
Taken from the newspaper El Comercio of January 12, 2010, and Future Life section
The classification was complicated in 1676, when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek looked through the newly invented microscope and saw "animalículos." The discovery of America brought new animals and plants, so that existing classifications proved inadequate. Only in 1735 the publication of "Systema Naturae" of Linnaeus * established principles that still retains the current standings. Lineo raised the three kingdoms: animal, vegetable and mineral. Within the first two established hierarchies and the use of two names, one scientific and other "trivial", or common use today.
The animal and plant kingdoms of Linnaeus remained until the end of last century, when the discovery of the genetic code took a new approach to the ways of life. The possibility of further evolution through the genetic information led to a reclassification of the life forms according to their evolutionary sequence. New technology showed life in dimensions less than allowing the optical microscope and showed major differences. The result is that the two kingdoms of living things, plants and animals have been replaced by three domains. DOMAINS
The new taxonomy, from the Greek "taxis" (order) and "nomos" (name) - called molecular divides living things into three domains, according to the structure of their cells: Archaea (Archaea) Bacteria (bacteria) and Eucarya (eukaryotes, from the Greek "eu" which means true and "karyon" kernel). Archaea and bacteria are prokaryotes, cells without nuclei (Greek: before the nucleus), and their DNA is dispersed in the cytoplasm. However, archaea and bacteria are different domains because in 1990, studying their DNA, it was discovered that evolved separately. Eukaryotes, whose cells have the DNA in a nucleus membrane, include all other life forms. Today the classification of living things beginning with the domains.
The domain Archaea (the Greek word for old) comprises the most ancient life forms, prokaryotic cells without nuclei. There are archaea that live in extreme conditions such as hot springs more than 100 degrees. Some metabolize hydrogen and other feed on salt. The domain Bacteria (which in Greek means swab) also includes single-celled organisms without nuclei, are known pathogens that cause infectious diseases such as syphilis, cholera, leprosy, plague, tuberculosis, etc.
However, the pathogens are a fraction of the millions of bacteria that are part of the biomass. In our body there are billions of bacteria, including some necessary for digestion. It is estimated that each gram of soil there are 40 million and a million in each cubic centimeter of fresh water. The total number of bacteria is a figure with 30 zeros. NEW REALMS
The domain of eukaryotes encompasses all life forms whose cells have a nucleus. This domain, ranging from amoebas to whales, is divided into four kingdoms. The Protista, or protocol, containing all organisms whose cells have nuclei, but not animals, plants and fungi. Among them there are certain types of algae, diatoms and small organisms that form the marine plankton.
The following is the kingdom Fungi, or fungi, ranging from yeast to large white-spotted flycatcher, red forest. "Fungi" is Latin for fungi, but their study is called mycology (Greek for "mikes" is fungus). It is estimated that the kingdom of fungi is more than 1.5 million species, of which only 5% is formally classified.
fungi were once considered intermediate between plant and animal kingdoms, but his DNA indicates that they are about a billion years and are prior to their separation. So far share structural and chemical properties with both, but have unique characteristics that differentiate them. Among them is able to change their type of reproduction depending on environmental conditions and be the only organisms that contain structural elements of plants and insects. Fungi thrive in extreme conditions and are strains resistant to ultraviolet radiation, to the deep sea and to cosmic radiation they were exposed in an experiment space.
The third kingdom of eukaryotic cells is the plant, whose botanical study. Almost all plants have in common that feed by photosynthesis, require oxygen (usually in the form of carbon dioxide) and have cellulose. There are about 350,000 identified plant species, of these, 258 000 are reproduced by flowers. This does not include their fossil ancestors, some of whose descendants thrive today with very few variations, such as some ferns and palms. OUR KINGDOM
Within the domain of eukaryotic cells are the Animalia (animals), which includes everything that moves and does not fall into any of the previous kingdoms. This ranges from simple worms to the writing and reading these lines. The mere enumeration of the variety of organisms that includes our kingdom would need another whole page. Suffice it to say that it is estimated between 6 and 10 million the number of species of insect class, superclass hexapod (six feet), subphylum mandible (with jaws), Phylum (Filo) Arthropoda (jointed-legged) animal kingdom, domain Eucarya .
The writer and the reader (we) also belong to the Domain Eucarya and the animal kingdom, but is in the Cordata Blade (with cord: spinal cord), class Mammalia, order Primates, suborder Hominid, etc., To species "Homo sapiens." With the advent of molecular biology and decoding our DNA we know we are close to our cousins \u200b\u200bthe chimpanzees and bonobos. Although we have not found the last common grandfather, we are getting closer.
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1787). The botanist, physician and zoologist Sweden is considered the father of modern taxonomy. Nature divided into three kingdoms and established five ranges for plants and animals, class, order, genus, species and variety.
The classification was complicated in 1676, when Antonie van Leeuwenhoek looked through the newly invented microscope and saw "animalículos." The discovery of America brought new animals and plants, so that existing classifications proved inadequate. Only in 1735 the publication of "Systema Naturae" of Linnaeus * established principles that still retains the current standings. Lineo raised the three kingdoms: animal, vegetable and mineral. Within the first two established hierarchies and the use of two names, one scientific and other "trivial", or common use today.
The animal and plant kingdoms of Linnaeus remained until the end of last century, when the discovery of the genetic code took a new approach to the ways of life. The possibility of further evolution through the genetic information led to a reclassification of the life forms according to their evolutionary sequence. New technology showed life in dimensions less than allowing the optical microscope and showed major differences. The result is that the two kingdoms of living things, plants and animals have been replaced by three domains. DOMAINS
The new taxonomy, from the Greek "taxis" (order) and "nomos" (name) - called molecular divides living things into three domains, according to the structure of their cells: Archaea (Archaea) Bacteria (bacteria) and Eucarya (eukaryotes, from the Greek "eu" which means true and "karyon" kernel). Archaea and bacteria are prokaryotes, cells without nuclei (Greek: before the nucleus), and their DNA is dispersed in the cytoplasm. However, archaea and bacteria are different domains because in 1990, studying their DNA, it was discovered that evolved separately. Eukaryotes, whose cells have the DNA in a nucleus membrane, include all other life forms. Today the classification of living things beginning with the domains.
The domain Archaea (the Greek word for old) comprises the most ancient life forms, prokaryotic cells without nuclei. There are archaea that live in extreme conditions such as hot springs more than 100 degrees. Some metabolize hydrogen and other feed on salt. The domain Bacteria (which in Greek means swab) also includes single-celled organisms without nuclei, are known pathogens that cause infectious diseases such as syphilis, cholera, leprosy, plague, tuberculosis, etc.
However, the pathogens are a fraction of the millions of bacteria that are part of the biomass. In our body there are billions of bacteria, including some necessary for digestion. It is estimated that each gram of soil there are 40 million and a million in each cubic centimeter of fresh water. The total number of bacteria is a figure with 30 zeros. NEW REALMS
The domain of eukaryotes encompasses all life forms whose cells have a nucleus. This domain, ranging from amoebas to whales, is divided into four kingdoms. The Protista, or protocol, containing all organisms whose cells have nuclei, but not animals, plants and fungi. Among them there are certain types of algae, diatoms and small organisms that form the marine plankton.
The following is the kingdom Fungi, or fungi, ranging from yeast to large white-spotted flycatcher, red forest. "Fungi" is Latin for fungi, but their study is called mycology (Greek for "mikes" is fungus). It is estimated that the kingdom of fungi is more than 1.5 million species, of which only 5% is formally classified.
fungi were once considered intermediate between plant and animal kingdoms, but his DNA indicates that they are about a billion years and are prior to their separation. So far share structural and chemical properties with both, but have unique characteristics that differentiate them. Among them is able to change their type of reproduction depending on environmental conditions and be the only organisms that contain structural elements of plants and insects. Fungi thrive in extreme conditions and are strains resistant to ultraviolet radiation, to the deep sea and to cosmic radiation they were exposed in an experiment space.
The third kingdom of eukaryotic cells is the plant, whose botanical study. Almost all plants have in common that feed by photosynthesis, require oxygen (usually in the form of carbon dioxide) and have cellulose. There are about 350,000 identified plant species, of these, 258 000 are reproduced by flowers. This does not include their fossil ancestors, some of whose descendants thrive today with very few variations, such as some ferns and palms. OUR KINGDOM
Within the domain of eukaryotic cells are the Animalia (animals), which includes everything that moves and does not fall into any of the previous kingdoms. This ranges from simple worms to the writing and reading these lines. The mere enumeration of the variety of organisms that includes our kingdom would need another whole page. Suffice it to say that it is estimated between 6 and 10 million the number of species of insect class, superclass hexapod (six feet), subphylum mandible (with jaws), Phylum (Filo) Arthropoda (jointed-legged) animal kingdom, domain Eucarya .
The writer and the reader (we) also belong to the Domain Eucarya and the animal kingdom, but is in the Cordata Blade (with cord: spinal cord), class Mammalia, order Primates, suborder Hominid, etc., To species "Homo sapiens." With the advent of molecular biology and decoding our DNA we know we are close to our cousins \u200b\u200bthe chimpanzees and bonobos. Although we have not found the last common grandfather, we are getting closer.
Carolus Linnaeus (1707-1787). The botanist, physician and zoologist Sweden is considered the father of modern taxonomy. Nature divided into three kingdoms and established five ranges for plants and animals, class, order, genus, species and variety.
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